Sumner Welles is My Favorite Secretary of State

On July 23 1940, Acting Secretary of State Sumner Welles issued a statement that came to be known as the Sumner Welles Declaration. In it, he condemned the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states and laid the foundation of the U.S. policy to refuse to recognize the recently installed Soviet governments in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

Welles' bold act of diplomacy 78 years ago continues to impact U.S.-Baltic relations to this day. Last week, the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the U.S. Embassy celebrated the anniversary of the Sumner Welles Declaration in Washington Square in Vilnius. The Lithuanians call this event, “Thank you, America!” It is basically a U.S.-Lithuania mutual love fest with speeches by dignitaries, live music, and food trucks serving cheeseburgers and hotdogs.  A public diplomacy officer’s dream!

Last year when I attended the event for the first time, I was struck by how one seemingly simple statement could pay such enormous diplomatic dividends. History does not always stay in the past. The basis for the strong relationship our two countries enjoy today goes back to Sumner Welles and his decision to stand up for three small countries most Americans had probably never heard of.

I wonder how our actions today will be commemorated 78 years from now.

With Your Own Eyes

I was recently in Italy and the entire time I was there I wanted to shout at everyone I saw, “Put down your phone!” Does nobody experience anything live anymore?

I was in St. Peter’s Basilica paying my respects to Michelangelo’s Pieta, one of the most stunning works of art I have ever seen. A man holding up a smart phone in front of his face squeezed in next to me to get a photo, then turned his back to the statue to get a selfie. Then he walked away! Without LOOKING at this magnificent creation directly with his own eyes. If all you want is a good picture, pick up a post card in the gift shop.

I deliberately left my camera in my hotel room when I went to St. Peter’s. I wanted to SEE and EXPERIENCE and REMEMBER everything first hand without the distraction of obligation to “get a good shot” that having a camera around my neck forces upon me. Don’t get me wrong, I like taking pictures of cool things, but sometimes it’s more important to authentically experience a moment than to capture it.

Soft Power to Achieve Hard Goals

I'm often called upon to brief distinguished visitors to Lithuania about the embassy's public diplomacy activities. The DVs range from senators, congressional staffers, generals, and assistant secretaries. My spiel usually goes like this (modified for online consumption, of course):

Lithuania is a strong partner and ally of the United States and public opinion toward the U.S. and Western institutions is generally high. However, Lithuania is a frequent target of propaganda, disinformation, and cyber attacks, which seek to undermine Lithuania's faith in its own government, in its relationship with the U.S. and Europe, in NATO, and in democracy itself.

Certain populations are vulnerable to continuous exposure to these narratives. The Embassy engages with these communities through a variety of programs in order to blunt anti-U.S. narratives and present alternatives. Our sustained and varied programing with target communities has resulted in increased direct interaction with a population that had little previous exposure to Americans, positive local press coverage, stronger relationships with local contacts, and a better understanding of the issues these communities face.

One free jazz concert won't make a lasting impact. Continuous engagement with a community across a spectrum of public diplomacy activities - cultural performances, art exhibits, sports activities, exchange programs, English teaching, school presentations, film festivals, science & tech camps, U.S. speakers, social media - is how an embassy develops a relationship with the public.

I know I can't go tweet-for-tweet against those who try to malign the U.S. in the Baltic States. But what I can do is make sure those anti-U.S. narratives don't take hold. 

What Are You Doing for the Holidays?

It's that time of year again. For solo FSOs who do not have family at post, holidays abroad offer a few options. Spend them with your colleagues and friends at post. Pretend they are just regular days off and don't do anything special. Or take advantage of the time off to do something cool. This Thanksgiving I'm doing the latter and traveling to Luxembourg to enjoy some only-affordable-in-the-off-season luxury and do a little family history exploration.

It can be hard for some solo FSOs to answer the dreaded question, "What are you doing for the holidays?" But I got over that a long time ago. Certainly I would love to be with my family this Thanksgiving, but rather than try to recreate the perfect American Thanksgiving here (and fail miserably), I'll be having Thanksgiving dinner in a Michelin star restaurant with the ghosts of my ancestors. Not very traditional, but cool in its own way.

Whether you are surrounded by family, fortunate to have good friends nearby, or on your own, I hope everyone finds a way to enjoy the holiday season and that you do something that makes you happy.

You Can’t Skype a Cheeseburger

I recently returned to post after an extended vacation in the States. It had been over a year since I had been home and seen my family. When people ask me what I miss about the U.S., one of the first things that comes to mind is food. What about my family and friends, you may ask. With modern communication I’m able to stay in touch with loved ones fairly easily. Between Facebook, email, Words with Friends, and Skype, I can maintain those relationships, even at a long distance. But you can’t Skype a cheeseburger. So when I arrived at the airport, as happy as I was to see my parents, I was a tiny bit happier at the thought of swallowing a double-double from In-n-Out.*

*It wasn’t until I moved from California to Washington, DC that I realized what a loaded subject this is. It is impossible for west coast Americans and east coast Americans to have a reasonable conversation about cheeseburgers. It gets real ugly real fast. As proof - anyone who attempts to post a comment suggesting Five Guys is comparable to In-n-Out will be blocked from this blog!

I honestly cannot fathom how Foreign Service Officers managed in the days before the internet. It must have felt very isolating to be so disconnected from home.

How a California Girl Survives in the Baltics

Being a California girl, I had concerns about how I would survive in a place where the weather is often... well, not like California. Californians are spoiled. If the weather is bad (and by "bad," I mean when it rains or the temperature drops to a chilly 45 degrees Fahrenheit), we stay inside and wait it out. It won't be long before the weather is nice enough to head outside.

That doesn't work in Lithuania. I was warned before I got here that the winters and long, cold, and gray. I'm not exaggerating when I say that I did not see the sun at all from November until April. And what I thought was winter, because it resembled winter in DC, turned out to be fall. Real winter hit in late January.

What I've learned from the Lithuanians is that you cannot wait until the weather is perfect to enjoy being outdoors. When the weather is what I would consider "stay inside with hot chocolate and a book," the Lithuanians are sitting outside coffee houses, strolling at an outdoor festival (why the most important Lithuanian holidays are in prime cold weather months is the subject of another blog post), and parents are pushing strollers through several inches of freshly fallen snow.

Even for an avowed homebody such as myself, there is such as thing as too much home alone time. So I've learned to adapt. Last winter, I bought a long sheepskin coat suitable for the Baltic cold (with apologies to any vegan or anti-animal skin readers, but I haven't found a man-made material that will induce me to walk outside in the middle of a Lithuanian winter). In spring, I threw on rubber boots and a poncho when I wanted to venture outside in the rain.

After what seemed like one week of summer, fall is already in the air in Lithuania. I know it won't be long before I have to bundle up like Nanook of the North when I walk to work in the morning. But this California girl is prepared.

My Impression of Lithuania

Whenever I meet Lithuanians who discover I have lived in Vilnius for almost a year (wow, has it really been 11 months?!), inevitably they ask how I like living here. I always reply, "I LOVE it!" And they always react with a shocked, "Really?"

I get the sense that Lithuanians don't appreciate what they have accomplished since breaking away from the Soviet Union in 1991. They have a "younger sibling" syndrome with their Baltic neighbors, seemingly living in the shadow of Latvia and Estonia.

I wish Lithuanians could see their country the way I see it. Sure there are challenges, but Lithuania has so much going for it. Vilnius is a wonderful place to live. I love the charming blend of old and new that can be seen in every inch of Old Town. There is a creative energy here you can see in the number of art galleries around town and even in the graffiti. There is an abundance of talent in the arts, sciences, and, of course, sports.

I've heard people - including Lithuanians - describe the national personality as "reserved." I haven't really noticed that. My encounters with taxi drivers, waitresses, store cashiers have all been very pleasant. People are so forgiving when I speak their language badly and so happy that I tried. Looking at Lithuania as an outsider, I would describe the national personality as "content."

So, Lithuania, you have impressed me greatly, and I am not easily impressed. I have visited and lived in nearly 40 countries and in my mind, Vilnius ranks in the top as a wonderful city to live in. Yes, you are a small country, but that can be an advantage. You have a lot to be proud of.

Cowboys in Kybartai

Sometimes my job is awesome. This is me in my cowboy boots at the opening of an exhibit of cowboy and rodeo photographs by Lithuanian artist Zinas Kazenas. Zinas is a wonderful spokesman for America, so we've turned him loose in a number of small, out-of-the-way towns in Lithuania to show his work and talk about his love of America and the Wild West. This event was in Kybartai, right on the border with Kaliningrad.

To keep things in perspective, here is another picture of me doing my job. Sometimes my job is awesome, but COLD. This was welcoming a U.S. Navy ship to the port city of Klaipeda.

It Meant Nothing to Me

Living in a place, it doesn't take long to see the character of the city and what crafts, arts, and food the city wants to share with you. What Lithuania is proud of, among other things, is its amber, ceramics, and linen. You can't walk a block in Old Town without seeing a store that carries these items. I've bought some lovely ceramic pieces, a nice amber brooch, and a unique linen scarf. I will always think of Lithuania when I see these things.

Recently I was in another Baltic city, Tallinn. I explored the Old Town, which was similar in many ways to Vilnius. I found myself browsing the windows of shops that sold amber, ceramics, and linen. It felt so natural to stop and admire these things. At one shop, a woman came out and offered me a discount coupon. And suddenly I felt guilty. Why did the thought of buying amber jewelry in Tallinn feel like I was cheating on Vilnius? Can you betray a city by buying souvenirs?

I didn't buy amber, ceramics, or linen in Tallinn. I remained faithful to Vilnius. But I wonder if the temptation will strike again the next time I visit.

Dropping a Truth Bomb

Recently I was asked to write a guest post on a blog for people considering joining the Foreign Service. Specifically, a post about what this career and lifestyle are like when you do it solo. Here is the introduction to my guest post:

This week, Heather, from the blog Adventures Around the World, shares her perspective as a single “solo” Foreign Service Officer. Her story is one shared by many in the Service, but not one readily discussed because of its hard truths. A career in the Foreign Service has many perks: the profession, the chance to visit and live in new and beautiful places, the opportunity to meet cultures and people you normally would not be able to, and much more. However, there are many drawbacks, and it is critical that you be made aware of them, and understand them.

Read the full blog post at Path to Foreign Service.

Service

Recently I've been thinking a lot about the word "service." With all the talk surrounding the transition of presidential administrations, it's important to understand that Foreign Service Officers are professionals, many have served through multiple administrations, both Democratic and Republican. Federal employees are sometimes easy targets for directing frustration toward "the government." Especially when what we do is not widely understood or is considered irrelevant. Here are a few examples of how FSOs serve our country:

• We represent America; we are often the only Americans foreign audiences have ever met
• We protect and assist American citizens abroad
• We advance U.S. interests and build alliances
• We engage with foreign governments, businesses, and the general public about U.S. policies & culture
• We advocate for U.S. companies doing business in foreign countries
• We inform DC policymakers about current events in foreign countries

FSOs deliberately use the word "service" when talking about their work. I didn't just live and work in Lithuania, Afghanistan, Nepal, Iraq, and Romania. I served in those countries. There are many ways people can serve their country. I would make a terrible soldier, but representing the U.S. as a public diplomacy officer in the Foreign Service is how I can serve my country. I take it seriously.

FSOs come in different shapes, with various backgrounds and political affiliations.  And while there are channels for expressing disagreement with policy, we are required to conduct our work professionally even when we find it personally challenging to do so. If a Congressman slams the State Department in a speech one week and the following week requests embassy assistance for an official visit to a foreign country, embassy staff will make sure that Congressman gets what he needs. That's what it means to serve. 

Adjustment

Since arriving in Vilnius, the biggest adjustment I've had to make is accepting that everyone here seems to be in a good mood. Maybe it's because I'm American, or a diplomat, or it's just my naturally surly disposition, my guard is always up. But day after day, Vilnius proves to be a happy place where people are among the most content and satisfied of all the European capitals.

The young guy at the cash register doesn't get angry when he can't understand my pidgin Lithuanian, he just smiles and speaks English. The taxi driver isn't taking the long way to run up the fare, the kooky layout of the city means the long way really is the only way to get to my apartment. And I believe the girl in the bakery really does want me to have a nice day.

Is it possible that an entire city can be in a good mood all the time? It will be interesting to see what three years here will do to me. 

The Best Idea We Ever Had

I really love being a Public Affairs Officer. Mostly. One down side is that I don't get to do as much of the fun stuff because I spend a good deal of time managing the budget, doing HR-related paperwork, supporting the front office, and responding to requests from DC. But recently I got to give a presentation to a school group on a topic close to my heart - National Parks.

My presentation skills may have been a little rusty, but my enthusiasm for the topic made up for it. For me, this is the perfect American culture topic - it combines America's natural beauty, American history, and maybe one of the best ideas America ever exported to the world - protecting the nation's most glorious natural wonders for the public. And, of course, it's a chance to show lots of pretty pictures. (If you want to know more, visit PBS's National Parks documentary page.) 

After all the craziness of the elections, it was nice to talk about something fun and positive. And, I hope, it left a good impression with the students.

Discerning Solo Female Traveler

Foreign Service Officers like to joke that we have no transferrable skills if we were to ever leave the Department. That's not quite correct. I can say that my traveling skills have become quite advanced.

As an experienced, worldly traveler, I have some practical advice for hotels seeking to lure the discerning solo female traveler.

If I could have only one wish come true, it would be for more counter space in the bathroom. Or at least some drawers. Women travel with a lot of bathroom crap and we need someplace to put it.

Hotels typically provide a hair dryer, which is great. But what about a curling iron or flat iron?

And why such unflattering lighting in the bathroom? Under no circumstances should there be flourescent or harsh white lights.

Don't skimp on the toiletries. Provide nice shampoo and conditioner.

More hangers in the closets. And a full-length mirror is a nice touch.

It's hard to believe there are still hotels that don't include free wi-fi. Especially for the 4 and 5 star hotels, charging $15/day for wi-fi is tacky, especially when all the inexpensive hotels provide it free of charge.

It would be nice for hotel restaurants to offer 1/2 portions. Normally I'm a fan of leftovers, but when traveling, it's not always possible. Large meals are often wasted.

There you have it, Heather's World Adventures tips for attracting the discerning solo female traveler. I can see a post-Foreign Service career as a luxury travel consultant!

What I Really Think About the 2016 Presidential Elections

Redacted due to the Hatch Act.

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Great Post for Singles

It's bidding season. That time of year when Foreign Service Officers frantically research the list of projected vacancies, hoping to find the perfect at-grade, in-cone job at a post that suits their personal lifestyle. When a post profile says that a post is "great for families," it describes good schools and fun things to do for kids. When a post profile says that a post is "great for singles," it usually means there are a lot of bars and clubs and an active dating scene.

This may come as a surprise, but I don't particularly enjoy crowded bars and I'm not desperately seeking a husband. I don't claim to speak for all single female FSOs, but I can't imagine that I'm alone. So, here is what I consider to be a better set of criteria for a post that is "good for singles."

• There are plenty of things to do on your own. There are festivals and museums. Hiking. Bicycling. Shopping. There are opportunities to pursue your hobbies.

• You can go to a coffee shop, wine bar, or restaurant by yourself with a book and not feel awkward or completely ignored by the wait staff.

• There are activities to do that don't require a partner and where you can meet non-work people. You can find a yoga or Zumba class. Join a book club. There are expat groups.

• A single woman can walk around the city by herself without fear of being mugged or grabbed. 

• The city is someplace your friends and family will want to visit.

I had started to write that I didn't think it was possible for a post report to describe a post in such a way to be useful for every possible variation of FSO. But then I deleted the sentence. Sure, it's possible. The first step would be for the Department to stop thinking about the diplomatic corps in outdated generalizations. Maybe that's a revolutionary idea for another blog post. For now, I'd be happy if we could update our thinking on what makes a "great post for singles."

I Can't Stop this Feeling

While settling in to my new post in Vilnius, there have been multiple times when I realized how long it's been since I was at a "normal" overseas post. I left Nepal over four years ago, so that's how long it's been. My security in-brief here was considerably less onerous and scary than, say, the security in-brief in Kabul. It feels great to have a spacious living area, instead of a tiny apartment in Dupont Circle or a converted storage container in Kabul.

Adjusting to life overseas in Vilnius has been easy. I love everything about Vilnius. My apartment is in old town and there is so much within walking distance. Work is great. Vilnius is great. So, naturally, I'm just waiting for something to go horribly wrong. I mean, things can't stay this great, can they?

A few shots that capture the feel of old town Vilnius.

 

Settling In

Two years ago I learned that I would be arriving in Vilnius, Lithuania in the summer of 2016. Two weeks ago I finally made it to Lithuania. I'm still feeling my way around, but my first impressions are very good. Vilnius is lovely. The people are wonderful. My apartment is in an ideal location. The embassy and staff are great. So far I'm off to a great start. More soon

Election Year Hardship Pay

As I conclude Public Affairs Officer tradecraft training before heading to Lithuania for my next assignment, my fellow classmates and I have spent quite a bit of time contemplating how to talk to foreign audiences about this presidential election. This will be my third presidential election overseas, but the first time I will likely have to directly answer questions from public audiences.

Sigh.

The typical public diplomacy tactic in this situation is to talk about the process, not about specific candidates or their policies. That proves difficult when one of the candidates suggests that the U.S. might not automatically fulfill its NATO obligations in the event of Russian aggression against the Baltics. What do you think our ambassadors in those countries (and their PD sections) will be talking about today (and tomorrow...)?

Foreign Service Officers get various differential pay adjustments for working in dangerous or difficult environments. Perhaps the State Department should consider "election year" hardship/danger pay for public diplomacy officers in the field during presidential elections. 

Scrambled Brains

This is what my brain feels like 9 months and 3 weeks into a 10 month language training course.